Table 4 Comparison of xylonic acid production and productivity by the best xylonic acid producers
Microorganism | d-xylose (g/l) | d-xylonate (g/l) | Yields (g/g) | Volumetric productivity (g/l/h) | Specific productivity [g(g/biomass)/h] | PH | Biomass (g/l) | Process | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gluconobacter oxydans (ATCC 621) | 100 | 109 | 1.1 | 2.5 | ~ 1.5 | 5.5 | 1.7 | Batch | Buchert et al. (1988) |
Gluconobacter oxydans (ATCC 621) | 100 | 107 | 1.1 | 2.2 | ~ 1.5 | 4.5 | 1.3 | Batch | Buchert et al. (1988) |
Pseudomonas fragi (ATCC 4973) | 150 | 162 | 1.1 | 1.4 | 0.2 | 6.5 | 6.9 | Batch | Buchert et al. (1988) |
Pseudomonas putida | ~ 0.4 | ~ 0.4 | ~ 1 | ~ 1.9 | ~ 0.7 | 6.8 | 2.9 | Continuous | Meijnen et al. (2009) |
Enterobacter cloacea | 200 | 190 | ~ 1 | ~ 1.6 | – | 6.5 | nd | Batch | Ishizaki et al. (1973) |
Escherichia coli | 40 | 39 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 0.14 | 7.0 | ~ 8 | Batch | Liu et al. (2012) |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Xyd 1 | 20 | 4 | 0.4 | 0.03 | 0.007 | 5.5 | 4.6 | Batch | Toivari et al. (2010) |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae SUS2DD | 23 | 3 | 0.4 | 0.02 | 0.006 | 5.5 | 5.3 | Batch | Toivari et al. (2012) |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae xylB | 23 | 17 | 0.8 | 0.23 | 0.06 | 5.5 | 5 | Batch | Toivari et al. (2012) |
Kluyveromyces lactis Xyd 1 | 23 | 8 | 0.4 | 0.13 | 0.01 | 5.5 | 9 | Batch | Nygård et al. (2011) |
Corynebacterium glutamicum (ATCC 13032) | 20 | 6.23 | 1.04 | 1.02 | – | – | – | Batch | Yim et al. (2017) |
Corynebacteriumglutamicum (ATCC 31831) | 60 | 56.32 | ~ 1 | 0.93 | – | 5.5 | 1.4 | Batch | This study |