Fig. 3

Reverse engineering of B. subtilis J46 introduced mutation of araR^H226R. a The growth profile and galactose consumption of B. subtilis J46, BSGA14, and BSGALE1 in M9 minimal medium containing 2% (w/v) galactose. Black and white symbols mean optical density at 600 nm and galactose concentration (g/L), respectively. Triangles, squares, and circles represent samples from B. subtilis J46, BSGA14, and BSGALE1 respectively. The standard deviation estimated from triplets is represented by the error bars. b Change in gene expression levels of the arabinose metabolic pathways in response to galactose adaptation. Log₂ fold change compared to genes related to arabinose catabolism of the parental strain