Polyvinyl alcohol coating releasing fungal blastospores improves kill effect of attract-and-kill beads

AMB Express

Table 2 Survival obtained from total blastospore concentrations and viable blastospore concentrations of the blastospore suspension and on the coated bead formulations determined by cell chamber counting and standard plate counting, respectively

Treatment	Blastospore survival normalized^a	Total blastospore concentration n = 5–10	Viable blastospore concentration n = 4–10	Conidia concentration after cultivation n = 10
Blastospore suspensions	(%)	(10⁷ BS/mL)	(10⁷ CFU/mL)	Conidia concentration after cultivation n = 10
BS NaCl	n/a	1.18 ± 0.11	1.93 ± 0.17	–
BS PVA	n/a	0.76 ± 0.08	0.90 ± 0.20	–
BS detached	31 ± 23	0.80 ± 0.14	0.23 ± 0.19	–
Coating stock solution	100 ± 23	4.16 ± 0.62	3.64 ± 1.01	–

Bead formulations	(%)	(10⁵ BS/bead)	(10⁵ CFU/bead)	(10⁷ conidia/bead)
Starch BS	24 ± 5	1.20 ± 0.22	0.34 ± 0.28	0.05 ± 0.03
AK BS	75 ± 16	1.00 ± 0.19	0.64 ± 0.20	2.09 ± 0.48
Starch	–	–	–	0.00 ± 0.00^b
AK	–	–	–	2.56 ± 0.69

^aData were normalized to the blastospore viability in the coating stock solution, n/a: not applicable (no relation to the stock solution)
^bConforming sterility