Fig. 3
From: Enzyme-treated chicory for cosmetics: application assessment and techno-economic analysis
Microbial challenge test in a standard cosmetic cream formula. Samples were taken weekly for 4 weeks and incubated for 72 h with A S. aureus or B P. aeruginosa before serial dilution and colony counting. F = the basic cosmetic formula without extracts. F + 0.5% preservative = positive control. F + 4% 3A = enzyme-treated chicory extract. F + 4% 3D = untreated chicory extract