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Table 2 The volatile aroma compounds detected and measured in Chinese chestnut wines samples obtained by using various yeast strains

From: Development of Chinese chestnut whiskey: yeast strains isolation, fermentation system optimization, and scale-up fermentation

Number

Aroma compounds

Retention time (min)

Identification

Contents of volatile aroma compounds of 9 yeast strains/(μg/mL)

HN002

HN003

HN006

HN008

HN009

HN010

HN011

HN013

HN014

 

Volatile acids

AC1

Acetic acid

9.879

MS, RI

3.851

1.618

1.021

4.373

1.040

4.53

3.382

3.376

2.861

AC2

Propionic acid

12.377

MS, RI

1.012

1.358

0.641

1.043

0.458

1.89

0.289

1.112

0.326

AC3

Butyric acid

14.913

MS, RI

2.063

1.837

2.474

2.384

2.565

0.738

2.382

1.175

2.276

AC4

Hexanoic acid

16.314

MS, RI

4.198

2.541

1.241

1.885

1.770

0.497

1.585

2.519

1.112

AC5

Palmitic acid

34.615

MS, RI

1.213

1.098

0.674

1.142

0.454

1.831

0.762

1.041

0.785

AC6

Octanol acid

19.512

MS, RI

1.062

0.602

0.754

1.141

0.457

2.112

0.752

0.421

0.526

AC7

Oleic acid

37.021

MS, RI

0.243

0.121

ND

ND

ND

2.076

0.163

ND

0.207

AC8

Linoleic acid

36.047

MS, RI

0.158

0.125

ND

ND

ND

1.047

0.103

ND

0.137

AC9

2-methyl-butanoic acid

15.588

MS, RI

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

0.454

ND

0.210

AC10

nonanoic acid

26.761

MS, RI

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

0.324

ND

 

Σ

  

13.800

9.300

6.805

11.968

6.744

14.721

9.874

7.644

8.440

 

Esters

ES1

Ethyl acetate

4.032

MS, RI

5.009

2.754

2.524

5.123

2.187

6.014

3.612

3.894

3.047

ES2

Ethyl isobutanoat

5.567

MS, RI

1.232

0.469

0.118

0.954

0.214

0.707

ND

NA

ND

ES3

Ethyl butanoate

5.443

MS, RI

1.121

0.457

0.116

1.785

0.125

0.757

0.347

1.357

0.298

ES4

Isoamyl acetate

7.654

MS, RI

0.878

0.301

0.264

0.987

0.234

0.735

0.312

0.732

0.278

ES5

Ethyl caproate

5.620

MS, RI

0.187

0.257

ND

0.312

ND

0.489

0.137

0.127

0.203

ES6

3-Methyl-1-butanol acetate

8.943

MS, RI

2.642

0.114

ND

0.914

ND

1.863

ND

ND

ND

ES7

Isopentyl hexanoate

9.753

MS, RI

0.952

0.147

ND

0.321

ND

ND

0.214

0.213

0.157

ES8

Phenethyl acetate

11.573

MS, RI

0.203

0.124

0.124

0.257

0.113

0.464

ND

NA

ND

ES9

Hexyl acetate

6.525

MS, RI

0.524

0.684

0.289

0.389

0.202

0.497

0.217

0.337

0.275

ES10

Ethyl oenanthate

6.441

MS, RI

0.221

0.11

ND

0.234

ND

0.433

ND

ND

ND

ES11

Ethyl laurate

14.135

MS, RI

0.436

0.345

ND

0.257

ND

1.335

ND

ND

ND

ES12

Ethyl palmitate

28.268

MS, RI

0.641

0.835

0.465

0.738

0.427

1.427

0.547

1.218

0.62

ES13

Ethyl oleate

23.726

MS, RI

0.211

0.109

ND

ND

ND

0.914

0.123

ND

0.187

ES14

Ethyl linoleate

31.429

MS, RI

0.179

0.076

ND

ND

ND

0.721

0.101

ND

0.157

 

Σ

  

14.436

6.782

3.900

12.271

3.502

16.456

5.610

7.878

5.222

 

Alcohols

AL1

Isoamyl alcohol

5.842

MS, RI

0.757

0.714

3.987

0.701

3.623

0.896

0.432

0.521

0.375

AL2

2,3-butanediol

13.399

MS, RI

0.524

0.364

0.914

0.412

0.625

0.687

0.153

0.178

0.161

AL3

2-methyl-1-propanol

10.321

MS, RI

0.847

0.557

1.851

0.496

1.787

1.287

0.277

0.242

0.225

AL4

3-ethoxy-1-propanol

1.358

MS, RI

0.467

0.432

0.754

0.384

0.624

0.988

ND

ND

ND

AL5

1-hexanol

7.281

MS, RI

0.747

0.128

0.323

0.687

0.214

0.887

0.118

0.217

0.132

AL6

1-octen-3-ol

11.11

MS, RI

0.234

0.357

0.653

0.312

0.41

0.301

0.596

0.441

0.588

AL7

Enanthol

11.223

MS, RI

0.216

0.165

0.294

0.202

0.272

0.237

ND

0.058

ND

AL8

Isooctanol

12.107

MS, RI

0.132

0.132

0.165

0.213

0.125

0.245

ND

ND

ND

AL9

Octanol

13.611

MS, RI

0.267

0.184

0.572

0.237

0.454

0.341

ND

ND

ND

AL10

1-nonanol

15.966

MS, RI

0.126

0.116

0.254

0.132

0.241

0.142

ND

ND

ND

AL11

Phenylethyl alcohol

20.685

MS, RI

1.878

0.783

0.354

1.567

0.314

2.453

0.314

1.235

0.231

 

Σ

  

6.195

3.932

10.121

5.343

8.689

8.464

1.890

2.892

1.712

 

Aldehydes

AD1

Pentanal

18.153

MS, RI

0.321

0.204

0.723

0.214

0.663

0.282

ND

ND

ND

AD2

2-Heptenal

7.882

MS, RI

0.223

0.134

0.887

0.185

0.743

0.225

ND

ND

ND

AD3

2-undecenal

17.696

MS, RI

0.057

0.025

0.132

0.034

0.091

0.088

ND

ND

ND

AD4

Nonaldehyde

9.445

MS, RI

0.183

0.101

0.392

0.154

0.267

0.203

ND

ND

ND

AD5

Benzaldehyde

12.598

MS, RI

0.371

0.321

0.856

0.235

0.687

0.436

0.143

0.132

0.111

AD6

2-phenyl-2-butenal

21.557

MS, RI

0.187

0.314

0.984

0.301

0.452

0.469

0.231

0.123

0.198

 

Σ

  

1.342

1.099

3.974

1.123

2.903

1.703

0.374

0.255

0.309

 

Ketones

KE1

2-octanone

6.962

MS, RI

0.207

0.112

0.154

0.187

0.108

0.238

ND

ND

ND

KE2

3-hydroxy-2-butanone (Acetoin)

9.611

MS, RI

0.201

0.215

ND

0.152

ND

0.209

0.474

0.437

0.468

KE3

2-nonanone

9.352

MS, RI

0.136

0.107

ND

0.113

ND

0.157

ND

ND

ND

 

Σ

  

0.544

0.403

0.154

0.452

0.108

0.604

0.474

0.437

0.468

 

Alkanes

AK1

tetramethylethylene

4.321

MS, RI

0.292

0.085

0.138

0.216

0.154

0.387

0.126

0.198

0.134

AK2

2-methyl-2-butene

5.764

MS, RI

0.554

0.214

0.287

0.423

0.219

0.687

0.301

0.367

0.353

AK3

Phenylethylene

6.203

MS, RI

0.152

0.132

ND

0.086

ND

0.114

0.074

0.045

0.068

 

Σ

  

0.998

0.431

0.425

0.725

0.373

1.188

0.501

0.610

0.555

 

Volatile phenols

PH1

4-Vinylphenol

20.312

MS, RI

0.181

0.113

ND

0.161

ND

0.185

0.164

0.089

0.128

PH2

4-Vinyl guaiacol

23.345

MS, RI

0.221

ND

ND

0.198

ND

0.224

0.216

0.134

0.178

 

Σ

  

0.402

0.113

0

0.359

0

0.409

0.38

0.223

0.306

  1. MS identification of compounds was by MS spectra, RI identification was by reference to RI values in the literature, ND not detected
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