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AMB Express

Table 1 Effect of various nutritional factors on co-production of various enzymes by A. niger APS

From: A novel multi-enzyme preparation produced from Aspergillus niger using biodegradable waste: a possible option to combat heterogeneous biofilms

Nutritional factors

Carbon Source

CMCase

FPase

β-Glucosidase

Pectinase

Mannanase

Xylanase

Gluco-amylase

α-Amylase

Alginate lyase

Enzyme activity (IU/ml)

De-oiled rice bran

1.76 ± 0.03*

0.687 ± 0.015*

0.535 ± 0.023

4.11 ± 0.07

2.31 ± 0.012

19.76 ± 0.105

27.43 ± 1.42

1228 ± 19.2

0.0

Kitchen waste

1.08 ± 0.01

1.24 ± 0.02

1.02 ± 0.02

8.52 ± 0.021

1.45 ± 0.012

19.04 ± 0.25

42.67 ± 2.25*

2652 ± 31.23

3.02 ± 0.014

Cellulose

1.68 ± 0.03

0.472 ± 0.02

0.228 ± 0.02

2.47 ± 0.015

0.0

0.0

28.26 ± 0.74

1160 ± 26.87

0.0

CMC

1.88 ± 0.04*

0.811 ± 0.02

0.647 ± 0.01

2.56 ± 0.03

2.3 ± 0.14

2.4 ± 0.081

31.23 ± 0.032

1748 ± 18.2

0.0

Guargum

1.72 ± 0.04

0.604 ± 0.01

1.77 ± 0.018

4.01 ± 0.017

5.83 ± 0.021

0.0

23.43 ± 0.76

1906 ± 24.56

0.87 ± 0.03

Pectin

1.70 ± 0.014

1.14 ± 0.014

0.849 ± 0.03

5.8 ± 0.012

4.5 ± 0.018

0.0

29.87 ± 1.06

1416 ± 21.46

0.834 ± 0.04

Cellobiose

1.37 ± 0.012

0.803 ± 0.02

0.122 ± .017

2.79 ± 0.024

0.43 ± 0.015

0.0

28.28 ± 2.26

1763 ± 28.26

0.962 ± 0.06

Lactose

1.40 ± 0.04

0.846 ± 0.02

0.080 ± 0.017

2.38 ± 0.014

0.152 ± 0.021

0.0

27.25 ± 1.12

1461 ± 23.52

1.26 ± 0.07

Glucose

1.32 ± 0.014

0.393 ± 0.02

0.251 ± 0.02

3.17 ± 0.017

0.501 ± 0.011

0.0

20.53 ± 0.98

2011 ± 38.26

2.34 ± 0.11*

Galactose

1.14 ± 0.04

0.219 ± 0.02

0.108 ± 0.014

2.32 ± 0.023

0.156 ± 0.012

0.0

27.48 ± 1.37

2139 ± 41.34

2.16 ± 0.08*

Starch

1.49 ± 0.015

0.994 ± 0.01

0.370 ± .011

3.67 ± 0.024

0.654 ± 0.018

1.43 ± 0.09

41.48 ± 3.26*

2659 ± 36.54

0.0

Salicin

0.89 ± 0.01

0.370 ± 0.05

0.108 ± 0.06

2.47 ± 0.013

0.0

0.0

4.56 ± 0.042

294 ± 6.43

0.0

Xylose

1.53 ± 0.032

0.678 ± 0.02*

0.939 ± 0.017

3.98 ± 0.014

0.686 ± 0.08

30.59 ± 1.24

18.42 ± 1.02

1288 ± 16.37

0.926 ± 0.03

Wheat bran + kitchen waste

2.61 ± 0.021

1.32 ± 0.013

2.48 ± 0.026

8.36 ± 0.024

3.42 ± 0.036

40.26 ± 0.47

41.33 ± 0.56

2632 ± 33.0

3.12 ± 0.04

Control (Wheat bran)

2.72 ± 0.02

0.683 ± 0.06

1.94 ± 0.03

5.54 ± 0.24

3.76 ± 0.01

39.05 ± 0.44

37.08 ± 0.42

1574 ± 2.50

2.16 ± 0.02

Metal ions

 CaSO4

2.94 ± 0.014

1.47 ± 0.017

2.89 ± 0.044#

10.31 ± 0.071#

4.73 ± 0.086

43.93 ± 1.02

44.02 ± 2.03

2643 ± 47

3.42 ± 0.046

 MgSO4

2.75 ± 0.03

1.61 ± 0.022

2.26 ± 0.017

11.26 ± 0.34#

6.09 ± 0.11

46.27 ± 4.3#

43.27 ± 1.87

2620 ± 53

2.87 ± 0.011

 K2HPO4

2.37 ± 0.01

0.949 ± 0.063

2.21 ± 0.026

9.72 ± 0.087#

5.88 ± 0.121

28.18 ± 1.26

44.05 ± 2.06

2094 ± 27#

2.63 ± 0.012

 KH2PO4

2.41 ± 0.21

0.917 ± 0.04

2.75 ± 0.014

10.26 ± 0.124#

4.40 ± 0.98

33.85 ± 1.068

42.87 ± 1.17

2691 ± 38.65

2.54 ± 0.011

 FeSO4

2.93 ± 0.022

1.10 ± 0.025

2.70 ± 0.11

8.31 ± 0.107

5.36 ± 1.03

40.17 ± 2.97

38.86 ± 2.37

2713 ± 29

1.87 ± 0.076#

 MnSO4

2.10 ± 0.14#

0.931 ± 0.04#

2.17 ± 0.023

9.48 ± 0.98#

5.51 ± 1.21

29.5 ± 1.27#

35.54 ± 1.42

2285 ± 23#

1.56 ± 0.011#

 ZnCl2

1.71 ± 0.023#

0.089 ± 0.02#

1.16 ± 0.07#

8.40 ± 0.031

2.35 ± 0.28

31.15 ± 0.243#

34.23 ± 0.86#

1987 ± 21#

1.42 ± 0.06#

 KCl

1.95 ± 0.012#

0.618 ± 0.031#

2.40 ± 0.11

8.36 ± 0.067

4.95 ± 0.56

20.72 ± 0.87#

38.86 ± 1.57

2485 ± 35

2.89 ± 0.013

 Control

2.64 ± 0.016

1.30 ± 0.03

2.46 ± 0.07

8.29 ± 0.083

3.37 ± 0.014

40.85 ± 1.63

41.26 ± 0.85

2612 ± 44

3.07 ± 0.016

Nitrogen sources

 Ammonium sulphate

2.07 ± 0.012

0.446 ± 0.03

2.20 ± 0.014*

11.5 ± 0.086*

3.18 ± 0.024

24.62 ± 2.03

33.04 ± 1.4*

2944.5 ± 22.58

1.83 ± 0.014

 Sodium nitrate

2.64 ± 0.012*

0.920 ± 0.04

2.18 ± 0.012*

11.81 ± 0.065*

4.23 ± 0.042

25.63 ± 1.86

29.42 ± 1.26

1220 ± 12.36

1.27 ± 0.018

 Ammonium chloride

1.57 ± 0.026

0.731 ± 0.03

1.96 ± 0.028

12.26 ± 0.102

3.08 ± 0.028

22.9 ± 1.74

35.49 ± 2.04*

3949 ± 56.75

0.86 ± 0.02

 Urea

2.07 ± 0.014

0.589 ± 0.02

1.72 ± 0.016

7.98 ± 0.27

2.79 ± 0.014

24.25 ± 1.05

30.29 ± 2.85

2807 ± 23.37*

1.13 ± 0.017

 Peptone

3.14 ± 0.060*

1.22 ± 0.01

2.25 ± 0.023*

11.04 ± 0.104

4.13 ± 0.033

37.25 ± 1.24

45.23 ± 1.22*

2692 ± 28.45*

2.13 ± 0.011

 Yeast extract

2.83 ± 0.02*

0.993 ± 0.01

1.30 ± 0.067

8.53 ± 0.47*

1.80 ± 0.04

32.65 ± 0.68

37.75 ± 1.06*

2834 ± 18.78*

1.75 ± 0.02

 CSL

3.79 ± 0.018

1.25 ± 0.012

3.76 ± 0.028

14.72 ± 0.56

7.72 ± 0.05

40.08 ± 2.02*

42.27 ± 2.84*

2740 ± 37.9*

3.17 ± 0.011*

 Soyabean meal

1.65 ± 0.012

1.26 ± 0.016

2.07 ± 0.014*

11.09 ± 0.42

4.67 ± 0.058

22.65 ± 1.28

37.24 ± 1.06*

2932 ± 25.87

1.83 ± 0.012

 Control

2.88 ± 0.035

1.56 ± 0.011

2.81 ± 0.022

10.86 ± 0.078

5.23 ± 0.034

42.23 ± 1.02

41.27 ± 2.03

2663 ± 31.66

3.26 ± 0.014

  1. In case of carbon and nitrogen sources, all the values differ from the control significantly (p < 0.001) by Dunnett’s Multiple Comparison Test except those marked with*. In case of metal salts all the values marked with# differ from the control significantly (p < 0.001) by Dunnett’s Multiple Comparison Test
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