Table 1 Strains use in this study

E. coli JM 109

E. coli gene cloning strain

Novagen

C. glutamicum SH

Wild type C. glutamicum

CGMCC

R-B2

C. glutamicum SH harbouring pJYW-5-gadB2

This work

R1-B2

C. glutamicum SH harbouring pJYW-5-R1-gadB2

This work

R2-B2

C. glutamicum SH harbouring pJYW-5-R2-gadB2

This work

R3-B2

C. glutamicum SH harbouring pJYW-5-R3-gadB2

This work

R4-B2

C. glutamicum SH harbouring pJYW-5-R4-gadB2

This work

R5-B2

C. glutamicum SH harbouring pJYW-5-R5-gadB2

This work

R6-B2

C. glutamicum SH harbouring pJYW-5-R6-gadB2

This work

R7-B2

C. glutamicum SH harbouring pJYW-5-R7-gadB2

This work

R8-B2

C. glutamicum SH harbouring pJYW-5-R8-gadB2

This work

R9-B2

C. glutamicum SH harbouring pJYW-5-R9-gadB2

This work

R10-B2

C. glutamicum SH harbouring pJYW-5-R10-gadB2

This work

R11-B2

C. glutamicum SH harbouring pJYW-5-R11-gadB2

This work

R12-B2

C. glutamicum SH harbouring pJYW-5-R12-gadB2

This work

R4a-B2

C. glutamicum SH harbouring pJYW-5-R4a-gadB2

This work

R4b-B2

C. glutamicum SH harbouring pJYW-5-R4b-gadB2

This work

Psod-B2

C. glutamicum SH harbouring pJYW-5-P _sod -R4a-gadB2

This work

PuspA-B2

C. glutamicum SH harbouring pJYW-5-P _uspA -R4a-gadB2

This work

PcspB-B2

C. glutamicum SH harbouring pJYW-5-P _cspB -R4a-gadB2

This work

Ptuf-B2

C. glutamicum SH harbouring pJYW-5-P _tuf -R4a-gadB2

This work

Pgdh-B2

C. glutamicum SH harbouring pJYW-5-P _gdh -R4a-gadB2

This work

PdtsR-B2

C. glutamicum SH harbouring pJYW-5-P _dtsR -R4a-gadB2

This work

PodhI-B2

C. glutamicum SH harbouring pJYW-5-P _odhI -R4a-gadB2

This work

PsigB-B2

C. glutamicum SH harbouring pJYW-5-P _sigB -R4a-gadB2

This work

Phmp-B2

C. glutamicum SH harbouring pJYW-5-P _hmp -R4a-gadB2

This work

Ppqo-B2

C. glutamicum SH harbouring pJYW-5-P _pqo -R4a-gadB2

This work

PgapA-B2

C. glutamicum SH harbouring pJYW-5-P _gapA -R4a-gadB2

This work

PilvE-B2

C. glutamicum SH harbouring pJYW-5-P _ilvE -R4a-gadB2

This work

Pcg1417-B2

C. glutamicum SH harbouring pJYW-5-P _cg1417 -R4a-gadB2

This work

PdnaK-B2

C. glutamicum SH harbouring pJYW-5-P _dnaK -R4a-gadB2

This work

PclgR-B2

C. glutamicum SH harbouring pJYW-5-P _clgR -R4a-gadB2

This work

PclpB-B2

C. glutamicum SH harbouring pJYW-5-P _clpB -R4a-gadB2

This work

PdnaJ-B2

C. glutamicum SH harbouring pJYW-5-P _dnaJ -R4a-gadB2

This work

PsufR-B2

C. glutamicum SH harbouring pJYW-5-P _sufR -R4a-gadB2

This work

PtrxB1-B2

C. glutamicum SH harbouring pJYW-5-P _trxB1 -R4a-gadB2

This work

PdnaK2SD-B2

C. glutamicum SH harbouring pJYW-5-P _dnaK -2SD-gadB2

This work

PdnaK(+1)-B2

C. glutamicum SH harbouring pJYW-5-P_dnaK(+1)-R4a-gadB2

This work

PdnaK(−1)-B2

C. glutamicum SH harbouring pJYW-5-P_dnaK(−1)-R4a-gadB2

This work

PdnaK(−2)-B2

C. glutamicum SH harbouring pJYW-5-P_dnaK(−2)-R4a-gadB2

This work

PdnaK(−3)-B2

C. glutamicum SH harbouring pJYW-5-P_dnaK(−3)-R4a-gadB2

This work

R4a-B1^mut

C. glutamicum SH harbouring pDXW-10-R4a-gadB1^mut

This work

R4a-B2B1^mut

C. glutamicum SH harbouring pJYW-5-R4a-gadB2-R4a-gadB1^mut

This work