Fig. 3

Inhibition of MSTN, GDF11 or activin A activities by various FST-type proteins. HEK293 cells stably expressing (CAGA)₁₂-luciferase gene construct were seeded on a 96-well culture, and grown for 24 h in DMEM with 10 % fetal calf serum, antibiotic and antimycotic. Medium was removed, and MSTN (1 nM), GDF11 (1 nM) or activin A (1 nM) plus various concentrations (180–0 nM) of FST-type proteins in DMEM were added to each well, followed by incubation for 24 h. Medium was removed, and luminescence substrate was added, followed by luminescence measurement. The error bars represent ± SEM (n = 6)