Effects of yeast culture on in vitro ruminal fermentation and microbial community of high concentrate diet in sheep

AMB Express

Table 3 Effects of high concentrate diet supplemented with different YC levels on in vitro gas production and kinetic parameters

Items	Treatments					SEM	P-value
Items	CON	YC1	YC2	YC3	YC4	SEM	Treatment	Linear	Quadratic
GP₄₈ (mL/g)	87.61^c	103.32^b	116.25^a	111.08^a	117.84^a	2.868	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.026
A	92.37^b	105.64^a	117.87^a	113.17^a	119.65^a	3.032	< 0.001	0.016	0.035
B	1.24^c	1.36^b	1.48^a	1.46^a	1.48^a	0.021	0.005	0.022	0.047
C	4.58^a	2.94^b	2.68^b	3.16^b	2.86^b	0.179	< 0.001	0.004	0.016
AGPR (mL/h)	6.25^c	12.22^b	16.27^a	13.07^ab	15.48^a	1.492	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.028

YC, yeast culture; GP₄₈, cumulative gas production at 48 h; A, theoretical maximum of GP; B, inflection point on the curve parameter; C, time (h) when the maximum GP reaches half; AGPR, average gas production rate; SEM, standard error of the mean. CON, fermentation substrate with no YC; YC1, fermentation substrate supplemented with 0.50% YC; YC2, 1%; YC3, 1.5%; YC4, 2%. In the same row, values with different small letters differ significantly (P < 0.05)