Table 2 Effects of high concentrate diet supplemented with different YC levels on in vitro degradability of DM and ruminal fermentation profile after 48 h of incubation

IVDMD (%)

69.42

69.64

70.83

72.31

73.46

2.043

0.773

0.309

0.830

pH

5.54^b

5.94^ab

6.25^a

6.03^ab

6.14^a

0.086

0.022

0.041

0.015

NH₃-N (mg/dL)

33.71^a

31.84^ab

28.67^b

27.54^b

34.78^a

0.879

0.035

0.039

0.021

MCP (mg/mL)

1.87^c

2.69^a

2.54^a

2.04^bc

2.21^b

0.008

0.005

0.026

0.010

Lactate (mmol/L)

1.56^a

1.23^ab

0.88^b

0.85^b

0.92^b

0.052

0.017

0.022

0.011

Total VFA (mmol/L)

116.43

126.54

119.43

120.86

119.68

4.569

0.011

0.009

0.027

Acetate (mmol/L)

72.95

76.43

67.84

67.94

69.75

2.837

0.031

0.039

0.014

Propionate (mmol/L)

21.77^b

28.37^ab

29.53^a

30.29^a

28.12^ab

0.763

0.043

0.078

0.038

Butyrate (mmol/L)

13.28^b

14.05^ab

15.56^a

15.83^a

14.65^ab

0.401

0.026

0.061

0.015

Isovalerate (mmol/L)

4.88

4.43

3.79

4.11

4.32

0.340

0.266

0.548

0.380

Valerate (mmol/L)

3.55

3.26

2.71

2.69

2.84

0.123

0.304

0.485

0.255

AP

3.35^a

2.69^b

2.30^c

2.24^c

2.48^b

0.003

0.026

0.039

0.018

NGR

4.07^a

3.41^b

3.06^c

3.10^c

3.29^b

0.002

0.029

0.040

0.007