Fig. 5

Result on skin microbiota analyses. a: Chao1 bacterial diversity indices of the samples of different treatment groups based on 16 S rDNA amplicon sequencing. Bold lines show medians, boxes show the interquartile range (IQR), bars represent ranges, dots are the original data points. RSW = ‘RSW control’, Pos = ‘positive control’. b: Similarity of bacterial community composition based on 16 S rDNA amplicon sequencing using NMDS ordination with Bray-Curtis distances. c: Most abundant bacterial genera in the skin microbiota of the juvenile toads based on 16 S rDNA amplicon sequencing listed by treatment groups. Shading indicates read abundance