Fig. 3
Effect of BIO application on soil bacterial communities in 2021. A: Beta-diversity indices of bacterial community structure in BIO-treated soil samples, CBF soil samples, HP soil samples, CBF samples, and BIO samples (PCA plot); B: Bacterial diversity, as represented by the relative abundances (%) of different genera in BIO-treated, CBF, and HP soil samples, and CBF and BIO samples, respectively. “others” refers to 16 S sequence analysis that are not strictly associated with genus. BIO: BIO sample; BIO_50_2: 750 kg/hm2 BIO-treated soil in 2021; BIO_100_2: 1500 kg/hm2 BIO-treated soil in 2021;BIO_200_2: 3000 kg/hm2 BIO-treated soil in 2021; BIO_400_2: 6000 kg/hm2 BIO-treated soil in 2021; BIO_800_2: 12,000 kg/hm2 BIO-treated soil in 2021; HPS_2: herbicide- treated soil in 2021; CBF_2: common bio-fertilizer in 2021; CBFS_2: common bio-fertilizer-treated soil in 2021, and CK_2: untreated control soil in 2021