Fig. 2

BIO application had no significant influence on soil bacterial communities in 2017. A: Beta-diversity indices of bacterial community structure in BIO-treated soil samples, CBF soil samples, HP soil samples, CBF samples, and BIO samples (PCA plot); B: Bacterial diversity, as represented by the relative abundances (%) of different phylum in BIO-treated, CBF, and HP soil samples, and CBF and BIO samples, respectively. “others” refers to 16 S sequence analysis that are not strictly associated with phylum; BIO: BIO sample; BIO_50: 750 kg/hm² BIO-treated soil in 2017; BIO_100: 1500 kg/hm² BIO-treated soil in 2017; BIO_200: 3000 kg/hm² BIO-treated soil in 2017; BIO_400: 6000 kg/hm² BIO-treated soil in 2017; BIO_800: 12,000 kg/hm² BIO-treated soil in 2017; HPS: herbicide-treated soil in 2017; CBF: common bio-fertilizer in 2017; CBFS: common bio-fertilizer-treated soil in 2017; and CK: untreated control soil in 2017