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AMB Express
Fig. 3 | AMB Express

Fig. 3

From: Endophytic actinobacteria from wild medicinal plants are a natural source of insecticide to control the African cotton leafworm (Spodoptera littoralis)

Fig. 3

Light micrographs of (1) longitudinal and (2) transverse sections of histopathological deformities on the Spodoptera littoralis larval cuticle & midgut tissue, three days post treatment with Streptomyces sp. ES2 crude metabolite, showing muscle deformities (100 & 400 × H & E). a Control larvae treated with water; b Negative control larvae treated with ethyl acetate solvent; c–f Larvae treated with the Streptomyces sp. ES2 crude metabolite; and g Positive control larvae treated with Radiant SC 12%. [DCu, degenerated cuticle; DHY, deformed hypodermis; DM, degenerated muscles; EN, endocuticle; EP, epicuticle; F, fissures in muscles; HY, hypodermis; LM, longitudinal muscles; TM, transverse muscles; V, vacuoles, BM, basement membrane; DEC, degenerated epithelial cells; EC, epithelial cells; LU, lumen; PM, peritrophic membrane; SBM, separated basement membrane; V, vacuoles]. All histopathological examinations were duplicated per each treatment (each replicate included four larvae)

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