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Fig. 1 | AMB Express

Fig. 1

From: An improved integrative GFP-based vector for genetic engineering of Parageobacillus thermoglucosidasius facilitates the identification of a key sporulation regulator

Fig. 1

A simplified overview of the sporulation initiation process in B. subtilis. Sporulation is initiated once high levels of phosphorylated Spo0A protein is present in the cell. Sporulation upregulating effects are marked in black, while downregulating effects are marked in orange. Spo0A phosphorylation is primarily facilitated by phosphotransferases Spo0F and Spo0B. Major upregulations of the phosphorelay are performed by histidine kinases KinA-E in response to environmental stresses. As counters, phosphatases RapA, B, E, and H as well as Spo0E are capable of dephosphorylating specific steps of the pathway

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