Fig. 4

The resistance progression of tavaborole coupled with AGAs. a Resistance development of E. coli ATCC 25,922 in the presence of sub-MIC concentration of Tava, TOB, AMK, and RFP. TOB (b) and AMK (c) resistance was acquired with or without the presence of tava (2 µg/ml). d MIC changes of Tava alone and in the combination with TOB at days 1–18, respectively. e Growth curves of one of the evolving E. coli cultures collected at day 1, 4, 9, 18, 30 and regrown simultaneously in the presence of Tava (16 ug/ml). f MICs comparison graph of tobramycin, amikacin, gentamicin, and kanamycin against parental strains and induced drug-resistant bacterial strains. g Checkerboard graph of Tava combined with TOB or AMK to kill induced drug-resistant bacterial strains. Black arrows indicate the point used to calculate FICI. All the trials were carried out three times