Impact of Moringa oleifera on rumen fermentation and methane emission under in vitro condition

AMB Express

Table 3 Effect of Moringa oleifera leaf on in vitro digestibility, total gas, methane, PF and MBP along with roughage and concentrate feed (60R:40C)

Parameters	0%	5%	10%	15%	20%	30%	40%	SEM	P value
Total gas (mL/gDM)	150.43 ± 3.89^c	156.41 ± 4.76^bc	162.93 ± 0.10^ab	168.34 ± 4.88^ab	173.29 ± 0.07^a	171.15 ± 5.23^a	171.65 ± 0.24^a	2.274	0.020
IVTDMD (%)	68.83 ± 0.43^c	70.06 ± 0.47^c	74.12 ± 0.18^b	75.20 ± 1.35^ab	75.42 ± 0.52^ab	77.92 ± 1.93^a	77.94 ± 0.22^a	0.797	< 0.001
IVTOMD (%)	71.21 ± 0.40^c	72.75 ± 0.39^bc	76.38 ± 1.18^b	76.36 ± 0.72^ab	76.73 ± 0.65^ab	78.54 ± 0.25^ab	79.28 ± 1.74^a	0.671	< 0.001
CH4 (%)	31.81 ± 0.14^a	30.70 ± 0.23^b	30.22 ± 0.25^b	29.13 ± 0.35^c	28.27 ± 0.30^d	27.64 ± 0.31^d	27.48 ± 0.25^d	0.351	< 0.001
CH4 (mL/100 mg)	7.97 ± 0.14	7.78 ± 0.17	7.50 ± 0.37	7.34 ± 0.02	7.31 ± 0.52	7.03 ± 1.46	6.95 ± 0.26	0.341	0.99
Acetate(mM)	50.89 ± 0.73^d	54.39 ± 1.31^cd	57.90 ± 2.14^bc	59.81 ± 2.58^abc	62.60 ± 2.16^ab	64.48 ± 3.26^ab	65.50 ± 1.18^a	1.292	0.002
Propionate (mM)	17.55 ± 0.67^c	18.32 ± 0.99^bc	19.42 ± 0.37^abc	19.73 ± 0.69^abc	20.13 ± 0.64^ab	20.68 ± 1.21^ab	21.18 ± 0.49^a	0.360	0.05
Butyrate (mM)	10.08 ± 0.10	10.21 ± 0.72	11.35 ± 0.16	11.07 ± 0.51	10.33 ± 0.81	9.90 ± 0.78	9.42 ± 0.45	0.227	0.29
AP ratio	2.91 ± 0.12	2.98 ± 0.09	2.99 ± 0.14	3.03 ± 0.06	3.12 ± 0.19	3.12 ± 0.11	3.09 ± 0.02	0.040	0.79
PF	4.04 ± 0.06	3.94 ± 0.13	4.01 ± 0.23	3.88 ± 0.07	3.85 ± 0.33	4.20 ± 0.87	5.24 ± 2.27	0.308	0.936
MBP (mg)	49.91 ± 1.41^d	52.31 ± 2.69^cd	55.03 ± 1.07^bcd	56.87 ± 1.91^abc	58.61 ± 1.16^ab	60.60 ± 0.36^ab	61.52 ± 2.77^a	1.056	0.004
Ammonia N (mg/dl)	13.14 ± 0.53	12.64 ± 0.84	13.08 ± 0.45	12.14 ± 1.33	14.17 ± 1.48	12.69 ± 1.47	12.02 ± 0.41	0.36	0.808

Means with different superscripts a, b, c and d in the same row differ significantly (P < 0.05)