Alternative use of phage display: phage M13 can remain viable in the intestines of poultry without causing damage

AMB Express

Table 1 Mean values of M13 phages per gram of bird faeces (log PFU/g) in different groups and at different ages

Age/Groups	G1	G2	G3	G4	G5
7	0.00 (± 0.00)^a	4.84 (± 0.82)^b	0.00 (± 0.00)^a	0.00 (± 0.00)^a	0.00 (± 0.00)^a
14	0.00 (± 0.00)^a	5.27 (± 0.25)^b	0.00 (± 0.00)^a	0.00 (± 0.00)^a	0.00 (± 0.00)^a
21	0.00 (± 0.00)^a	5.77 (± 0.57)^b	0.00 (± 0.00)^a	0.00 (± 0.00)^a	0.00 (± 0.00)^a
28	0.00 (± 0.00)^a	4.6 (± 0.60)^b	0.00 (± 0.00)^a	0.00 (± 0.00)^a	0.00 (± 0.00)^a

Values represent mean and standard deviation. G1: group inoculated with phage M13. G2: Group inoculated with E. coli ER2738 infected by the phage M13; G3: Group infected with E. coli ER2738; G4: Group inoculated with PEG; G5: Group inoculated with PBS. The birds of G1 were inoculated at all ages (10 PFUs/bird). The birds of G3 were inoculated at 2 days (5.04 log CFU/animal), 8 days (6.64 log CFU/animal) and 15 days of age (6.69 log CFU/animal). Different letters represent statistical difference (P > 0.05) by grouped ANOVA