Sodium nitrate has no detrimental effect on milk fatty acid profile and rumen bacterial population in water buffaloes

AMB Express

Table 4 Effects of different level sodium nitrate on ruminal fermentation parameters

Parameter	Sodium nitrate, g/kg body weight				SE	P
Parameter	0	0.11	0.22	0.44	SE	P
Ruminal pH	6.85	6.66	6.73	6.63	0.04	0.186
Acetate, mM	26.97^a	35.55^b	32.67^b	36.97^b	1.06	0.001
Propionate, mM	7.02^a	8.91^b	8.01^ab	9.41^b	0.29	0.010
Butyrate, mM	3.91^a	5.76^b	4.57^ab	5.29^b	0.20	0.003
A/P	3.93	3.99	4.09	3.98	0.06	0.871
Total VFA, mM	37.91^a	50.22^b	45.24^ab	51.67^b	1.49	0.001
NH₃–N mM	22.1^ab	27.1^b	13.8^a	24.3^ab	1.5	0.022
MCP, mg/ml	0.23	0.29	0.21	0.26	0.01	0.149