Sterilization protocols and the effect of plant growth regulators on callus induction and secondary metabolites production in in vitro cultures Melia azedarach L.

AMB Express

Table 1 The effect of different disinfection methods on the percentage of microbial contamination and in vitro response of M. azedarach L. leaf explants

Methods of disinfection	Bacterial contamination (%)	Fungal contamination (%)	Clean explant (%)	Viability (%)	Browning (%)	Callus induction (%)	weight of callus (mg/explant)
Control	15.97 ± 3.10^d	29.49 ± 4.08^c	54.5 ± 4.8^d	1.00 ± 0.00^a	0.00 ± 0.00^a	26.78 ± 5.58^b	873.733 ± 34.418^ab
A₁	8.74 ± 1.56^c	1.08 ± 0.45^a	90.2 ± 1.6^bc	1.00 ± 0.00^a	0.00 ± 0.00^a	5.91 ± 1.59^c	484.568 ± 26.896^bc
A₂	5.57 ± 1.21^bc	7.45 ± 1.47^b	87.0 ± 2.4^c	99.65 ± 0.35^a	0.35 ± 0.35^a	38.56 ± 5.49^a	1191.294 ± 37.148^a
A₃	3.39 ± 0.94^ab	0.00 ± 0.00^a	96.6 ± 0.9^ab	86.45 ± 3.29^b	14.20 ± 3.25^b	1.52 ± 0.91^c	158.921 ± 96.003^c
A₄	0.40 ± 0.40^a	0.00 ± 0.00^a	99.6 ± 0.4^a	79.25 ± 3.58^c	21.14 ± 3.67^c	9.41 ± 2.37^c	554.056 ± 89.829^bc
A₅	0.86 ± 0.60^a	0.69 ± 0.48^a	98.5 ± 0.8^a	99.31 ± 0.48^a	0.79 ± 0.55^a	10.77 ± 2.82^c	282.111 ± 100.367^c
A₆	1.06 ± 0.60^a	1.32 ± 0.63^a	97.6 ± 0.8^a	77.87 ± 3.94^c	22.72 ± 4.01^c	3.91 ± 1.43^c	130.382 ± 60.386^c
A₇	0.37 ± 0.37^a	0.00 ± 0.00^a	99.6 ± 0.4^a	54.48 ± 4.64^d	45.52 ± 4.64^d	9.44 ± 3.76^c	108.147 ± 47.128^c

In each column, different letters indicate a significant difference (P ≤ 5%) according to Duncan’s Multiple-Range Tests (DMRTs)