Differential induction of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory phytochemicals in agitated micro-shoot cultures of Ajuga integrifolia Buch. Ham. ex D.Don with biotic elicitors

AMB Express

Table 3 Anti-inflammatory activity of Ajuga integrifolia agitated micro-shoots (Cyclooxygenases (COX1, COX2); Secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2); Lipoxygenase (15-LOX))

Treatment	Concentration	Anti-inflammatory activities (% Inhibition)
Treatment	Concentration	COX1	COX2	15-LOX	sPLA2
Control	–	45.26 ± 2.31^b	33.40 ± 1.02^ab	51.46 ± 3.19^b	55.95 ± 2.09^b
Yeast extract (mg/L)	1	43.01 ± 1.05^b	31.74 ± 3.76^b	48.90 ± 2.42^b	53.17 ± 1.87^b
	10	37.91 ± 4.01^bc	27.98 ± 1.43^bc	43.10 ± 1.13^bc	46.87 ± 2.61^c
	50	44.76 ± 2.24^b	33.03 ± 1.27^ab	50.88 ± 0.88^b	55.32 ± 3.13^b
	100	52.20 ± 1.31^a	38.52 ± 0.79^a	59.35 ± 1.13^a	64.53 ± 2.25^a
	200	37.60 ± 3.56^bc	27.75 ± 3.14^bc	42.75 ± 3.02^bc	46.48 ± 1.13^c
Pectin (mg/L)	1	27.05 ± 0.72^cd	19.96 ± 2.61	30.75 ± 2.65^d	33.44 ± 2.25^de
	10	30.59 ± 1.38^c	22.57 ± 2.44^c	34.78 ± 3.63^cd	37.82 ± 3.41^d
	50	26.27 ± 0.94^cd	19.39 ± 1.83^d	29.87 ± 1.22^d	32.48 ± 2.72^de
	100	42.44 ± 1.61^b	31.32 ± 1.68^b	48.25 ± 1.63^b	52.46 ± 1.37^bc
	250	40.46 ± 1.44^bc	29.85 ± 0.95^b	45.99 ± 2.24^bc	50.01 ± 2.01^bc
	500	33.33 ± 1.75^c	24.60 ± 1.28^bc	37.90 ± 1.96^c	41.21 ± 0.99^cd

Values represent means ± standard errors from triplicates; different letters indicate significant differences at p < 0.05