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Table 5 Results of biological filtration by date kernels

From: Advanced treatment of effluent extended aeration process using biological aerated filter (BAF) with natural media: modification in media, design and backwashing process

Parameter

Inlet wastewater to the reactor

Average output of the reactor at a height of 25 cm

Average output of the reactor at a height of 50 cm

Average output of the reactor at a height of 75 cm

Average output of the reactor at a height of 100 cm

Average output from drain valve reactor

Average final removal percentage

PH

8.1

8.1

8.1

8.1

0.5 ± 8.1

1 ± 7

–

DO (mg/L)

2

0.2 ± 5

0.3 ± 5

0.3 ± 5

0.3 ± 5

0.3 ± 5

–

\({\text{BOD}}_{5}^{ - }\) (mg/L)

5 ± 100

5 ± 80

5 ± 50

5 ± 20

5 ± 10

0.6 ± 3

98.48

COD (mg/L)

10 ± 198

10 ± 150

7 ± 70

5 ± 30

5 ± 20

3 ± 15

92.42

\({\text{NO}}_{3}^{ - }\) (mg/L)

5 ± 30

2 ± 20

1.5 ± 15

1 ± 8

0.5 ± 3

0.3 ± 0.6

99.4

\({\text{PO}}_{4}^{ - }\) (mg/L)

3 ± 15

2 ± 10

1.5 ± 8

1 ± 4

0.8 ± 2

0.3 ± 1

93.3

Turbidity (NTU)

0.5 ± 10

0.5 ± 9

0.5 ± 8

0.5 ± 7

0.5 ± 6

0.5

95

Color (TCU)

10 ± 105

10 ± 100

10 ± 80

10 ± 75

10 ± 65

10 ± 60

42.8

Sulfate (mg/L)

80 ± 600

80 ± 580

80 ± 480

80 ± 450

60 ± 430

50 ± 420

30

TSS (mg/L)

0.2 ± 90

0.2 ± 40

0.2 ± 22

0.2 ± 15

0.2 ± 9

0.2 ± 1

98.9

ORP (mv)

 + 10

 + 50

 + 85

 + 120

 + 200

 + 214

–

Amoxicillin (mg/L)

3 ± 10

–

–

–

–

1 ± 8

20

Azithromycin (mg/L)

0.3 ± 1.5

–

–

–

–

0.05 ± 1.3

13