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Table 1 Characteristics of raw wastewater and effluent from wastewater treatment plant

From: Advanced treatment of effluent extended aeration process using biological aerated filter (BAF) with natural media: modification in media, design and backwashing process

Parameter

Mean raw wastewater

EPA standards

Mean effluent

pH

7.8

6–9

8.1

Temperature

20 ± 19

–

2 ± 18

TSS (mg/L)

15 ± 970

5

5 ± 90

DO (mg/L)

20 ± 0.75

2

2 ± 2

BOD5 (mg/L)

20 ± 320

10

15 ± 100

COD (mg/L)

25 ± 440

100

15 ± 198

\({\text{NO}}_{3}^{ - }\) (mg/L)

10 ± 76

50

5 ± 30

\({\text{PO}}_{4}^{ - }\) (mg/L)

12 ± 45

6

5 ± 30

Turbidity (NTU)

–

50

2 ± 10

Color (TCU)

45 ± 890

550

5 ± 105

Sulfate (mg/L)

57 ± 1050

1500

20 ± 600

Coliforms (MPN)

1000 ± 1 × 107

1000

100 ± 1660

Amoxicillin (mg/L)

3 ± 15

–

3 ± 10

Azithromycin (mg/L)

20 ± 3

–

0.3 ± 1.5