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Table 2 Effect of anserine and glucosamine on the biochemical markers in rheumatoid arthritis induced rat model

From: Anserine and glucosamine supplementation attenuates the levels of inflammatory markers in rats with rheumatoid arthritis

Markers

Normal control

Control

Anserine (1 mg/kg)

Glucosamine (200 mg/kg)

Anserine (1 mg/kg) + Glucosamine (200 mg/kg)

SOD (U/ml)

365.2 ± 21.4

133.1 ± 5.2***

197.4 ± 7.5#

213.2 ± 11#

313.4 ± 16###

Catalase (U/ml)

13.2 ± 0.8

3.4 ± 0.18***

5.9 ± 0.2#

6.2 ± 0.3#

10.6 ± 0.5###

Gpx (U/ml)

0.45 ± 0.01

0.12 ± 0.005***

0.21 ± 0.02#

0.25 ± 0.01#

0.38 ± 0.01###

GSH (nmol/ml)

0.41 ± 0.03

0.15 ± 0.01***

0.22 ± 0.01#

0.24 ± 0.01#

0.36 ± 0.02###

MDA (nmol/ml)

0.32 ± 0.01

1.7 ± 0.1***

1.1 ± 0.06#

0.9 ± 0.05##

0.51 ± 0.03###

NO (ng/ml)

0.25 ± 0.02

0.97 ± 0.05***

0.73 ± 0.05#

0.62 ± 0.07#

0.44 ± 0.08###

Uric acid (mg/ml)

0.23 ± 0.01

0.69 ± 0.03***

0.52 ± 0.01#

0.54 ± 0.04#

0.35 ± 0.03###

Ceruloplasmin (mg/ml)

0.15 ± 0.01

0.34 ± 0.01***

0.26 ± 0.01#

0.31 ± 0.01

0.17 ± 0.04##

Copper (µg/ml)

0.13 ± 0.01

0.25 ± 0.01**

0.23 ± 0.01

0.21 ± 0.01

0.17 ± 0.03#

Zinc (µg/ml)

0.31 ± 0.02

0.12 ± 0.01***

0.15 ± 0.01

0.14 ± 0.01

0.24 ± 0.02##

MMP-3 (ng/ml)

52.5 ± 3.2

225 ± 15***

171.3 ± 7.1#

156 ± 8#

81 ± 6.4###

PGE2 (pg/ml)

27.1 ± 1.2

95.2 ± 5***

72.2 ± 3.4#

71.4 ± 4.5#

38.3 ± 2###

TNF-α (U/ml)

2.9 ± 0.12

4.9 ± 0.2***

4.1 ± 0.1#

3.9 ± 0.13#

3.2 ± 0.2##

IL-1β (U/ml)

1.5 ± 0.01

3.4 ± 0.2***

2.7 ± 0.05#

2.5 ± 0.12#

1.8 ± 0.05###

IL-6 (U/ml)

2.7 ± 0.12

7.2 ± 0.21***

6.1 ± 0.2#

5.1 ± 0.15#

3.3 ± 0.12##

  1. ***P < 0.001, #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.05 and ###P < 0.05