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Table 2 Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) of n-hexane extract, each antibiotic and their combination against clinical pathogenic and reference bacterial isolates

From: Comprehensive investigation on the synergistic antibacterial activities of Jatropha curcas pressed cake and seed oil in combination with antibiotics

Strain

Compound

MICa (mg/mL)/MICb (µg/mL)

FIC

FICI

Output

Alone

Combined

A. baumannii

n-hex/Ctx

100/0.19

1.56/0.78

0.01/4.11

4.1

Antagonistic

n-hex/R

100/6.25

12.5/6.25

0.1/1

1.12

Indifference

n-hex/Of

100/12.5

1.56/0.78

0.01/0.06

0.07

Synergistic

n-hex/Cip

100/6.25

1.56/0.78

0.01/0.1

0.1

Synergistic

n-hex/Mox

100/6.25

12.5/6.25

0.1/1

1.12

Indifference

E. coli

n-hex/Ctx

100/100

3.125/1.56

0.03/0.01

0.04

Synergistic

n-hex/R

100/100

0.78/0.39

0.007/0.003

0.01

Synergistic

n-hex/Of

100/50

100/50

1/1

2.0

Indifference

n-hex/Cip

100/100

1.56/0.78

0.01/0.007

0.02

Synergistic

n-hex/Mox

100/3.125

25/12.5

0.25/4

4.25

Antagonistic

E. faecalis

n-hex/Ctx

–/50

100/50

–/1

ND

ND

n-hex/R

–/100

100/50

–/0.5

ND

ND

n-hex/Of

–/12.5

100/50

–/4

ND

ND

n-hex/Cip

–/50

6.25/3.125

–/0.002

ND

ND

n-hex/Mox

–/1.56

25/12.5

–/8.01

ND

ND

P. vulgaris

n-hex/Ctx

100/0.19

1.56/0.78

0.01/0.1

0.1

Synergistic

n-hex/R

100/6.25

0.78/0.39

0.007/0.06

0.07

Synergistic

n-hex/Of

100/12.5

0.78/0.39

0.007/0.03

0.03

Synergistic

n-hex/Cip

100/6.25

0.78/0.39

0.007/0.06

0.07

Synergistic

n-hex/Mox

100/6.25

100/50

1/8

9.0

Antagonistic

S. aureus

n-hex/Ctx

–/50

–/–

–/–

ND

ND

n-hex/R

–/6.25

100/50

–/8

ND

ND

n-hex/Of

–/50

100/50

–/1

ND

ND

n-hex/Cip

–/12.5

–/–

–/–

ND

ND

n-hex/Mox

–/3.125

12.5/6.25

–/2

ND

ND

P. aeruginosa

n-hex/Ctx

200/50

12.5/6.25

0.06/0.1

0.1

Synergistic

n-hex/R

200/6.25

3.125/1.56

0.01/0.2

0.2

Synergistic

n-hex/Of

200/12.5

6.25/3.125

0.03/0.25

0.2

Synergistic

n-hex/Cip

200/3.125

3.125/1.56

0.03/0.4

0.5

Synergistic

n-hex/Mox

200/0.39

6.25/3.125

0.03/8.01

8.04

Antagonistic

S. aureus (ATCC)

n-hex/Ctx

100/100

25/12.5

0.25/8

8.25

Antagonistic

n-hex/R

100/6.25

6.25/3.125

0.06/0.5

0.5

Synergistic

n-hex/Of

100/3.125

100/50

1/16

17

Antagonistic

n-hex/Cip

100/1.56

0.097/0.048

0.0009/0.03

0.03

Synergistic

n-hex/Mox

100/0.78

6.25/3.125

0.06/4

4.06

Antagonistic

E. coli (ATCC)

n-hex/Ctx

100/0.78

3.125/1.56

0.03/0.5

0.5

Synergistic

n-hex/R

100/6.25

0.39/0.195

0.003/0.3

0.03

Synergistic

n-hex/Of

100/3.12

0.39/0.195

0.003/0.06

0.06

Synergistic

n-hex/Cip

100/3.12

0.78/0.39

0.007/0.1

0.1

Synergistic

n-hex/Mox

100/0.39

6.25/3.125

0.06/8

8.0

Antagonistic

  1. MICa minimal inhibitory concentration for n-hexane extract when applied alone, MICb minimal inhibitory concentration for antibiotic when applied alone, Me methanolic extract, Ctx cefotaxime, R rifampicin, Of ofloxacin, Cip ciprofloxacin, Mox moxifloxacin, ND not determined