Fig. 4

Determination of the minimal concentration of PF-bgl to DT-bgl for the complete conversion of PPT-type ginsenosides to APPT. a Ginsenoside R1. The reactions were performed at 80 °C in 50 mM citrate/phosphate buffer (pH 6.0) containing 1.0 mg ml⁻¹ R1, 4.0 mg ml⁻¹ DT-bgl, and PF-bgl for 6 h. b PPT-type ginsenosides in notoginseng root extract. The reactions were performed at 80 °C in 50 mM citrate/phosphate buffer (pH 6.0) containing 1.0 mg ml⁻¹ total PPT-type ginsenosides, 5.0 mg ml⁻¹ DT-bgl, and PF-bgl for 4 h. Data represent the means of three experiments, and error bars represent the standard deviation