Table 4 Effect of agitation speed on growth of P. acidilactici in batch fermentation using 2 L stirred tank bioreactor

Maximum viable cell concentration (cfu/mL)

1.2 × 10¹² ± 0.17^b

1.8 × 10¹² ± 0.12^a

1.0 × 10¹² ± 0.23^c

Time to reach maximum viable cell concentration (h)

12^a

12^a

12^a

Viable cell yield (cfu/g_Glucose)

1.4 × 10¹⁴ ± 0.18^b

2.0 × 10¹⁴ ± 0.1^a

1.2 × 10¹⁴ ± 0.17^c

Viable cell productivity (cfu/mL h)

9.9 × 10¹⁰ ± 0.16^b

1.5 × 10¹¹ ± 0.15^a

8.3 × 10¹⁰ ± 0.12^c

Maximum lactic acid concentration (g/L)

12.71 ± 0.16^b

13.21 ± 0.14^a

11.77 ± 0.23^c

Lactic acid yield (g/g_Glucose)

0.91 ± 0.07^a

0.92 ± 0.08^a

0.91 ± 0.12^a

Lactic acid productivity (g/L h)

0.53 ± 0.08^a

0.54 ± 0.08^a

0.48 ± 0.1^b