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Table 1 Summary of different studies supplemented RPC and their effect on milk production, fat and protein % of dairy cows

From: Considering choline as methionine precursor, lipoproteins transporter, hepatic promoter and antioxidant agent in dairy cows

References

Lactation stage pre-and postpartum days

RPC (g/day) supplement

Milk yield (kg/day)

Fat yield %

Protein yield %

Pre

Post

Veth et al. (2016)

–

14

0

31.30

4.04

3.46

12.5

32.00

4.03

3.47

25

31.39

4.04

3.42

Sun et al. (2016)

21

21

0

–

3.28

3.05

15

–

3.44

3.19

Leiva et al. (2015)

21

45

0

30.6

3.29

3.17

50+

29.1

3.51

3.32

100++

–

–

–

Ardalan et al. (2011)

28

70

0

31.70

3.30

3.13

60

34.60

3.35

3.11

Davidson et al. (2008)

21

90

0

27.90

2.97

2.60

40

27.50

2.93

2.68

Piepenbrink and Overton (2003)

  

0

40.00

4.02

2.97

21

63

45

43.30

4.21

3.02

60

39.90

4.00

3.01

  

75

41.00

4.29

3.00

Pinotti et al. (2003)

14

30

0

28.50

3.24

3.11

20

31.40

3.36

3.05

  1. –, not reported; +, supplemented before calving; ++, supplemented after calving