Fig. 4

Biotransformation of FA to PCA by recombinant strains of C. glutamicum. C. glutamicum strains FVan (closed symbols) and F (open symbols) as a control were cultured in BHI medium at 30 °C for 24 h, and 0.5 mL of each culture was transferred to 25 mL of AF medium containing 5 mM FA and 25 μg/mL Km in 200-mL baffled flasks. The biotransformation of FA was performed at 30 °C with agitation at 180 rpm for 72 h. a Concentrations of extracellular FA (squares), VA (triangles), and PCA (circles) were monitored every 24 h. b OD₆₀₀ (diamonds) was monitored simultaneously. Data represent the mean and standard error of three independent experiments