In vitro antimicrobial potential of extracts and phytoconstituents from Gymnema sylvestre R.Br. leaves and their biosafety evaluation

AMB Express

Table 3 Antimicrobial activity of phytoconstituents isolated from Gymnema sylvestre leaves

Org^c	Alkaloids	Flavonoids	Saponins	C. glycosides	Diterpenes	Phytosterols	Gentamicin	Chloramphenicol
Average zone of inhibition (mm)^b
SA	14.66 ± 0.33	0	0	15.33 ± 0.66	16 ± 0	14 ± 0	34.5 ± 0.50	26 ± 1.00
SE	14.33 ± 0.33	17.33 ± 0.33	15 ± 0	19.66 ± 0.33	0	13.33 ± 0.33	26.5 ± 0.50	28.5 ± 0.50
EC	0	15 ± 0.57	15.33 ± 0.33	15.66 ± 0.33	13.66 ± 0.33	0	31 ± 1.00	25 ± 0
EF	0	19.66 ± 0.66	0	19.33 ± 0.33	0	0	27.5 ± 0.50	26.5 ± 0.50
KP1	15.33 ± 0.33	19.66 ± 0.33	24.33 ± 0.33	16.66 ± 0.33	15.66 ± 0.33	13.66 ± 0.33	40.5 ± 0.50	38 ± 1.00
KP2	19.66 ± 0.33	23 ± 0.57	17.33 ± 0.33	16.66 ± 0.66	14 ± 0	15 ± 0	37.5 ± 1.50	26.5 ± 0.50
SF	0	13.33 ± 0.66	0	14.33 ± 0.33	13.33 ± 0.33	0	30.5 ± 0.50	27.5 ± 0.50
ST1	0	0	0	13 ± 0	12.66 ± 0.33	0	35 ± 0	23 ± 0
ST2	15 ± 0	20.33 ± 0.88	13.66 ± 0.33	17 ± 0	13 ± 0	0	43 ± 1.00	40.5 ± 0.50
PA	0	17 ± 0	20 ± 0.57	14.66 ± 0.33	13.33 ± 0.33	0	40.5 ± 0.50	28.5 ± 0.50
CA	19.66 ± 0.33	35 ± 0	19.66 ± 0.33	20.33 ± 0.88	0	17.33 ± 0.33	36.5 ± 0.50^a	ND
CT	0	0	0	0	0	0	27.5 ± 0. 50^a	ND
MRSA	13.66 ± 0.33	19 ± 0	18.33 ± 0.33	17.66 ± 0.33	15 ± 0	0	42 ± 0	39.5 ± 0.50

ND not done
^aAmphotericin B
^bValues are expressed as Mean ± SEM for N = 3
^c Organisms SA, Staphylococcus aureus; SE, Staphylococcus epidermidis; EC, Escherichia coli; KP1, Klebsiella pneumoniae 1; KP2, Klebsiella pneumoniae 2; SF, Shigella flexneri; ST1, Salmonella typhimurium 1; ST2, Salmonella typhimurium 2; PA, Pseudomonas aeruginosa; CA, Candida albicans; CT, Candida tropicalis; MRSA, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus