Fig. 2

5-Iodoindole eradicates E. coli persister cells. Escherichia coli K-12 BW25113 cells in the exponential growth stage (a) or stationary growth stage (b) were exposed to rifampicin (100 μg mL⁻¹) to induce persister cells, which were then treated with 5-iodoindole for 3 h at 37 °C and 250 rpm. Cell viabilities were determined. Ampicillin at 100 μg mL⁻¹ (c) or ciprofloxacin at 0.5 μg mL⁻¹ (d) were used to induce persister cells and then 5-iodoindole was treated. The experiment was performed in duplicate. N/D represents eradication below the limit of detection